Molecular testing for influenza A and B viruses is the gold standard for identifying patients with respiratory infections. This test uses a specialized technique called reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which requires highly trained technicians and expensive equipment. Lateral flow tests are less expensive and more convenient and can detect influenza infections in patients at the point of care. Early diagnosis is critical for effective treatment. In addition, early detection helps doctors avoid the deterioration of patients' health and maximize the benefits of their treatment.
Influenza
diagnostics is complicated. The clinical signs and symptoms are similar to
those of other diseases, such as pneumonia, adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial
viruses, Legionella spp., and Mycoplasma. It is also difficult to distinguish
influenza from other bacterial infections and viral illnesses. This is why
early diagnosis is essential. And since there is a wide range of symptoms
associated with influenza, it is essential to know the type of virus that is
causing the illness.
Influenza
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Molecular
testing for influenza and other respiratory infections is now available for
clinical use. Known as multiplex testing, these tests are used to determine the
severity of a patient's illness. This type of influenza diagnostics is most
often used in hospitalized patients with compromised immune systems. Another
common diagnostic method is viral culture testing, which involves growing more
than one copy of a virus in a vial. These tests require 10 minutes to complete
but are rarely used for diagnosing flu. An influenza test for the diagnosis of
influenza checks whether a patient is infected with either A or B virus. A
high-sensitivity RIDT can be used to confirm the illness early in the influenza
season. This type of test is a good choice for patients in high-risk areas.
Using commercial RIDTs, patients can avoid unnecessary diagnostic, therapeutic,
and hospitalization costs. These tests can also be used in low-resource
settings where diagnostics are scarce.