Bio-based biodegradable plastics get easily decomposed when exposed to the microorganism, without leaving toxic residue in the environment. Bio-plastic is a new and advanced technology that aims to provide environmental sustainability. Bio-based plastics are made from renewable biological resources. For example, sugar cane is processed to produce ethylene, which can then be used to manufacture polyethylene. However, not all bio-based plastics are biodegradable, although some are biodegradable as well.
Biodegradable plastics come in all sorts of shapes and sizes and there are thousands of different kinds available. Most biodegradable plastics will decompose inside landfills if they are not properly handled. Plastic should decompose naturally, without causing harm to the environment. This is an important step towards reducing plastic pollution. Bio-based biodegradable plastics do not use non-renewable raw materials and save energy during production. Their production reduces non-biodegradable waste that contaminates the environment.
Moreover, bio-based biodegradable plastics do not contain additives that are harmful to health, such as phthalates or bisphenol-A. Thus, with the increasing initiatives by the government on reducing greenhouse emissions, the demand for bio-plastic is also increasing across the world. According to the US submission, the United States committed to reducing emissions 26 to 28% below 2005 levels by 2025, a reflection of the Obama administration's goal to convert the U.S. economy into one of low-carbon reliance.
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